Check the two basic eligibility conditions
As a rule, the foreign license must still be valid when you apply. You must also be able to prove that, after obtaining it, you stayed in the issuing country for a combined period of at least three months. Old passports, immigration records, employment records or school records may be needed.
You normally apply in the prefecture where you live. Some countries and regions are exempt from both checks, but treatment of United States licenses depends on the issuing state, so a country name alone is not enough.
Separate common documents from country-specific documents
Common items include the valid physical foreign license, a Japanese translation prepared by an accepted organization, current and old passports, a resident record showing the required foreign-resident details, and an application photograph. Check the original-document rules; a digital license alone may not be accepted.
If the first issue date is missing, or you hold several license categories, the police may request an official driving record. Compare your documents with the destination prefecture's country-specific list before booking.
From appointment to license issue
Follow the prefecture's appointment method, then complete document screening and an aptitude check. Unless an exemption applies, the knowledge check and the driving-skill check follow. In some prefectures the driving check cannot be taken on the document-screening day, so leave enough validity on your foreign license.
Rules on address evidence and the knowledge and skill standards changed on 1 October 2025. This guide is a national starting point, not a substitute for the police office's final instructions on documents, dates and fees.
GAIMEN JAPAN
Sources
Procedures vary by prefecture. Always confirm the latest details with the relevant prefectural police authority.